EMF Equation of a Transformer

EMF EQUATION OF A TRANSFORMER

Assume a transformer arrangement as shown in Figure 1.10:

N₁ - No. of turns in primary winding

N₂ - No. of turns in secondary winding

Φ_m - Maximum flux in core in Wb.; where φ_m = B_m*A

B_m - Maximum flux density in the core, Wb/m²

A - Area of the core in m²

f - Frequency of AC supply in Hz

V₁ - Primary voltage in volts

V₂ - Secondary voltage in volts

I₁ - Full load primary current in amperes

I₂ - Full load secondary current in amperes

E₁ - Emf induced in primary in volts

E₂ - Emf induced in secondary in volts

Voltage applied to primary is alternating in nature, so the flux established also alternating one.

From the Figure 1.11 it is clear that the flux is attaining its maximum value in one quarter of the cycle. i.e., T/4 sec. where 'T' is the time period in seconds.

If we assume single turn coil, then according to Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction,